ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The most-used equations for estimating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equations. However, it is unclear which of these shows better performance in Latin America. OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of two equations for estimated GFR (eGFR) in Latin American countries. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review and meta-analysis in Latin American countries. METHODS: We searched in three databases to identify studies that reported eGFR using both equations and compared them with measured GFR (mGFR) using exogenous filtration markers, among adults in Latin American countries. We performed meta-analyses on P30, bias (using mean difference [MD] and 95% confidence intervals [95% CI]), sensitivity and specificity; and evaluated the certainty of evidence using the GRADE methodology. RESULTS: We included 12 papers, and meta-analyzed six (five from Brazil and one from Mexico). Meta-analyses that compared CKD-EPI using creatinine measured with calibration traceable to isotope dilution mass spectrometry (CKD-EPI-Cr IDMS) and using MDRD-4 IDMS did not show differences in bias (MD: 0.55 ml/min/1.73m2; 95% CI: -3.34 to 4.43), P30 (MD: 4%; 95% CI: -2% to 11%), sensitivity (76% and 75%) and specificity (91% and 89%), with very low certainty of evidence for bias and P30, and low certainty of evidence for sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION: We found that the performances of CKD-EPI-Cr IDMS and MDRD-4 IDMS did not differ significantly. However, since most of the meta-analyzed studies were from Brazil, the results cannot be extrapolated to other Latin American countries. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (CRD42019123434) - https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42019123434.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Sensitivity and Specificity , Creatinine , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Latin AmericaABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: Alrededor del 75 por ciento de las enfermedades no transmisibles y el 40 por ciento de cáncer pueden prevenirse si los factores de riesgo como los malos estilos de vida, inactividad física y consumo de sustancias nocivas pudieran eliminarse. Los profesionales de salud deberían realizar y hacer recomendaciones a los pacientes sobre los estilos de vida saludables. Objetivos: Determinar los factores asociados a los estilos de vida no saludables de los profesionales de la salud en un hospital de Chiclayo. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en profesionales de la salud del Hospital Naylamp-Chiclayo en el año 2017. Se aplicó el cuestionario adaptado de prácticas y creencias sobre estilos de vida, el cuestionario medía variables sociodemográficas, estado nutricional y prácticas saludables (actividad física, hábitos alimenticios, consumo de tabaco y alcohol); las respuestas fueron clasificadas en saludables y no saludables. Se aplicó la prueba de chi cuadrado para asociar estilos de vida y sus factores asociados. Resultados: De los encuestados, 44,6 por ciento tenían sobrepeso y obesidad. La categoría de los estilos de vida que predominó fue no saludable con 58,7 por ciento. Las categorías que predominaron fueron: hábitos alimentarios poco saludables con 52,1 por ciento, hábito de fumar (pasivo/activo) con 58,7 por ciento. Se encontró asociación entre edad joven, sexo femenino, sobrepeso u obesidad, ser profesional no médico y ser fumador con los estilos de vida no saludables. Conclusiones: Existe personal de salud con baja actividad física, consumo de tabaco, mala alimentación. Se concluye que los estilos de vida son poco saludables en los profesionales de la salud en Chiclayo(AU)
ABSTRACT Introduction: About 75 percent of noncommunicable diseases and 40 percent of cancers can be prevented if risk factors such as poor lifestyles, physical inactivity and substance abuse are eliminated. Health professionals should make recommendations to patients about healthy lifestyles. Objective: To determine the factors associated with unhealthy lifestyles in health professionals of a hospital in Chiclayo. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in health professionals at the Naylamp-Chiclayo Hospital in 2017. The adapted questionnaire of practices and beliefs about lifestyles was applied; the questionnaire measured sociodemographic variables, nutritional status and healthy practices (physical activity, eating habits, tobacco and alcohol consumption); the answers were classified as healthy and unhealthy. The Chi-square test was used to establish an association between lifestyles and their related factors. Results: Of the respondents, 44.6 percent were overweight and obese. The predominant lifestyle category was unhealthy lifestyle (58.7 percent). The predominant categories were: unhealthy eating habits (52.1 percent), smoking (passive/active) (58.7 percent). Associations were found between young age, female sex, overweight or obesity, and being a non-medical professional and a smoker with unhealthy lifestyles. Conclusions: Low physical activity, tobacco consumption, and poor diet have been identified in health professionals. It is concluded that health professionals in Chiclayo have unhealthy lifestyles(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tobacco Use Disorder , Alcohol Drinking , Public Health , Feeding Behavior , Hospitals , Life Style , Motor Activity , Occupational Groups , Peru , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional StudiesSubject(s)
Humans , Research , Mentoring , Peru , Students, Medical , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Congresses as Topic , Observational StudyABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de estructura y de contenido de los formatos de consentimiento médico informado utilizados en los diferentes hospitales de la región Lambayeque. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y observacional. Obtenidos los formatos de CMI de los hospitales de la región de Lambayeque; se evaluó su calidad de estructura y de contenido constatándola con los Comités de Ética. Se establecieron dos categorías: Cumple (si figuraba de manera completa y detallada); o, No Cumple (por omisión o tergiversación). Para el análisis, los formatos fueron divididos por número de requisitos cumplidos: más del 75 (cumple 19-24 requisitos); entre el 50-75 (de 12 a18) y menos del 50 (de 0 a 11). Resultados: De los 8 formatos estudiados de los Hospitales de la Región de Lambayeque se encontró que en ningún (0) hospital cumplían con los requisitos del modelo al no lograr más del 75 (19-24 requisitos); 1 (12,5) hospitales se halló entre el 50 y 75 (12-18 requisitos) y en 7 hospitales (75) cumplían menos del 50 (0-11 requisitos). Conclusiones: La calidad de los formatos de CMI de los hospitales de la Región Lambayeque en cuanto a su estructura y contenido: Deficiente.
Objective: To determine the quality of informed medical consent forms (ICFs) used in different hospitals in Lambayeque region with respect to their structure and contents Material and method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study. ICFs used in Lambayeque hospitals were assessed with respect to their quality of structure and contents with the participation of Ethics Committees. Two categories were established: complied (if the forms were complete and detailed); or non-compliant (because of omission or confounding). Forms were divided according to the number of requisites complied with: more than 75 (complying with 19-24 requisites); between 50 to 75 (12 to 18 requisites) and less than 50 (0 to 11 requisites). Results: Of the eight forms studied in the Hospitals of the Region Lambayeque found in no (0) were eligible hospital of failing to model more than 75 (19-24 requirements), 1 (12.5) hospitals was found between 50 and 75 (12-18 requirements) and in six hospitals (75) had less than 50 (0-11 requirements). Conclusions: The quality of ICFs in Lambayeque region in terms of their structure and contents is poor.